斯坦福大学：2026斯坦福新兴技术评论：十项关键技术及其政策影响分析报告（英文版）（228页）.pdf

1、THE STANFORD EMERGING TECHNOLOGY REVIEW 2026S TA N F O R D U N I V E R S I T YA Report on Ten Key Technologies and Their Policy ImplicationsDIRECTOR AND EDITOR IN CHIEF Herbert S.Lin|MANAGING EDITOR Martin GilesCO-CHAIRS Condoleezza Rice,Jennifer Widom,and Amy Zegart THE STANFORD EMERGING TECHNOLOGY

2、 REVIEW 2026 A Report on Ten Key Technologies and Their Policy Implications CO-CHAIRS Condoleezza Rice Jennifer Widom Amy Zegart DIRECTOR AND EDITOR IN CHIEF Herbert S.Lin MANAGING EDITOR Martin Giles Stanford University Stanford,California CONTENTS FOREWORD 4 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY12 INTRODUCTION 20 The

3、 Role of Science and Technology in Advancing National Interests20 Policy for S&T20 Ten S&T Fields21 01Artificial Intelligence 23 02Biotechnology and Synthetic Biology39 03Cryptography and Computer Security57 04Energy Technologies71 05Materials Science89 06Neuroscience103 07Quantum Technologi

4、es117 08Robotics143 09Semiconductors157 10Space171 11Crosscutting Themes and Commonalities184 Governance and Geopolitics of Emerging Technology185 Innovation Pathways and Paterns of Progress188 Human Capital and Knowledge Ecosystems 195 Infrastructure for Innovation203 12Technology Applications by P

5、olicy Area210 Economic Growth210 National Security 211 Environmental and Energy Sustainability 213 Health and Medicine 215 Civil Society 216 CONCLUSION 218 LEADERSHIP 220 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS224 FOREWORD This edition of the Stanford Emerging Technology Review(SETR)coincides with the 250th anniversary of

6、Americas Declaration of Independence.As we look toward the future,the past reminds us that his-tory takes surprising turns and that human agency can be powerful.In 1776,few could have dreamed that a ragtag band of colonists in a backwater far from Europe would defeat a great power,replace a king wit