世界经济论坛（WEF）：2025弥合鸿沟：净零排放转型融资白皮书（英文版）（39页）.pdf

1、Bridging the Gap:How to Finance the Net-Zero TransitionW H I T E P A P E RJ A N U A R Y 2 0 2 5Images:Getty ImagesDisclaimer This document is published by the World Economic Forum as a contribution to a project,insight area or interaction.The findings,interpretations and conclusions expressed herein

2、 are a result of a collaborative process facilitated and endorsed by the World Economic Forum but whose results do not necessarily represent the views of the World Economic Forum,nor the entirety of its Members,Partners or other stakeholders.2025 World Economic Forum.All rights reserved.No part of t

3、his publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means,including photocopying and recording,or by any information storage and retrieval system.ContentsForewordExecutive summary1 Defining the climate finance gap1.1 The climate finance gap in numbers1.2 What are the drivers of th

4、e climate finance gap?1.3 Developed versus developing countries:an enduring gap in fortunes1.4 Key sectors2 Mechanisms for change2.1 Strategic policy levers for effectively mobilizing transition finance2.2 Market instruments2.3 Hybrid mechanisms3 Case studies from Europe and the US3.1 European Green

5、 Deal3.2 European Union Emissions Trading System(EU-ETS)3.3 Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism(CBAM)3.4 US Inflation Reduction Act(IRA)4 Bridging the climate finance gap:the big picture4.1 Principles for the design of market instruments to address the climate finance gapConclusionContributorsEndnote

6、s34556691313161922222324252627293031Bridging the Gap:How to Finance the Net-Zero Transition2ForewordThe financing of a lower-carbon economy is one of the defining challenges of our era.As Bill Gates argues,the energy transition will demand over$3.5 trillion in annual investments for decades.It is a