在日益复杂的世界中促进贸易便利化 - 使用可验证的供应链数据.PDF

1、Steve CInternational TradeInternational TradeA peer into the future of“verifiable trade”Cost of trade adds:International trade is big(and complex)business$25 TnFoB Exports100 kLand/Sea/Air Ports2 Bn Consignments10 BnTons of Cargobetweenshippingasbetween$2TnTariffs$7Tn Border®ulatory frictions$6Tn

2、 Transport&LogisticsIllicit trade hides:$0.6Tn Counterfeits$0.6Tn smuggling(mostly piggybacking)$0.6Tn Tariff evasionTrade finance helps$20Tn Financed$3Tn Not granted finance gap$4Tn Not requiredESG rules impact$1Tn biodiversity$2Tn due-diligence$3Tn emissions intensive$0.5Tn CO2eq$10 mbusinessesWor

3、ld Bank/UNESCAP cost of trade databaseBased on reported seizures&audits likely underestimatedADB Trade finance gap repotModerate extrapolations of EUDR,CBAM,CSDDDCompliance with country and commodity specific rules,and access to finance and insurance requires an average of 12 paper documents for eac

4、h consignment,which huge cost and complexity implications.Fun fact 2 copies of 12 paper documents for each of 2 Bn consignments consumes 15 million trees/yrCost of trade adds:With huge opportunities for verifiable digitalisation$25 TnFoB Exports100 kLand/Sea/Air Ports2 Bn Consignments10 BnTons of Ca

5、rgobetweenshippingasbetween$2TnTariffs$6Tn Border®ulatory frictions$6Tn Transport&LogisticsIllicit trade hides:$0.6Tn Counterfeits$0.6Tn smuggling(mostly piggybacking)$0.6Tn Tariff evasionTrade finance helps$20Tn Financed$3Tn Not granted finance gap$4Tn Not requiredESG rules impact$1Tn biodiversi

6、ty$2Tn due-diligence$3Tn emissions intensive$0.5Tn CO2eq$10 mbusinessesWorld Bank/UNESCAP cost of trade databaseBased on reported seizures&audits likely underestimatedADB Trade finance gap repotModerate extrapolations of EUDR,CBAM,CSDDDandD