英国皇家植物园邱园：2023年世界植物和真菌状况报告（英文版）（96页）.pdf

1、State of the Worlds Plants and Fungi2023State of the Worlds Plants and Fungi 2023Tackling the Nature Emergency:Evidence,gaps and prioritiesiiState of the Worlds Plants and Fungi 2023ContentsIntroduction 2Names,numbers and new species Chapter 1:Whats in a name?4 Chapter 2:Finding out the fundamentals

2、 of fungi 12Chapter 3:Showcasing species new to science 18What grows where and why?Chapter 4:Making sense of patterns of diversity 26Chapter 5:Using DNA to explore the past 34 Hotspots and darkspots Chapter 6:Why evolution matters for saving biodiversity 42Chapter 7:Illuminating the darkspots of the

3、 plant world 50The outlook for biodiversityChapter 8:Conserving forgotten fungi 60Chapter 9:Why we all need to take extinction seriously 66Chapter 10:Championing unique plant species 74ConclusionChapter 11:Tackling the Nature Emergency in time 82 Acknowledgements and citation 901IntroductionWhat gro

4、ws where?Knowledge about where to find particular species in nature must have been key to the survival of humans throughout our evolution.Over time,and as people colonised new land masses and habitats,interactions with the local biota led to a wealth of combined traditional and scientific wisdom abo

5、ut the distributions of species and their many uses.Fast-forward to the present day,and much of our current scientific knowledge of global plant and fungal diversity comes from specimens hosted by the worlds herbaria and fungaria,of which there are more than 3,000.But despite this wealth of knowledg

6、e and collections,one might be surprised to learn that,to date,we have not been able to answer one of the most fundamental questions in plant and fungal diversity with confidence namely,how many species are there globally and in different parts of the world?The consequences of our insufficient knowl