Zooming out to a longer time horizon reveals substantialSwitching to a medium-term perspective, the period divergences among geographical areas. For the first time,from the eve of the Covid-19 pandemic until today shows we have reconstructed the SRl back to 2005, allowing us gradual adjustment amid longer-term scarring. Between to identify not only current resilience levels but also secular2020 and 2025, the global average increased from 47.1 to trends and turning points over two decades. The global 47.9, reflecting gradual recovery from the pandemic shock. average has increased only modestly, from 46.3 in 2005 High-income economies rose only marginally from 70.3 to 47.9 in 2025. High-income economies have remained to 70.5, underscoring limited additional strengthening at broadly flat over the period (70.6 vs 70.5), confirming the top. The Middle East improved from 53.0 to 53.8, while their structural plateau at a high level. The Middle East improved from 50.1 to 53.8, while Emerging Asia rose from 43.3 to 44.3, recently moving back above its pre- from 39.8 to 44.3, marking the strongest long-term gain pandemic level. Latin America rebounded from 42.4 in among regions. Latin America recorded a more moderate 2020 to 44.2 in 2025, recovering from its 2019-20 trough linked to social unrest and institutional stress. In contrast, increase from 40.4 to 44.2, though with visible cyclical Emerging Europe declined from 49.9 in 2020 to 48.4, setbacks along the way. Emerging Europe advanced from 43.9 to 48.4 before recent moderation. Africa, by contrast, declined overall from 35.9 to 34.4, remaining structurally momentum. Africa improved only modestly from 33.6 to at the lower end of the distribution. Despite major global 34.4, remaining below its 2005 level. Overall, convergence shocks - including the financial crisis, the pandemic and since the pandemic has been gradual and uneven, with has narrowed only marginally. Social resilience therefore evolves cumulatively and unevenly, with structural gaps