Note: 2W = two-wheeler; 3W = three-wheeler; 4W = four-wheeler; BEV = battery electric vehicle; CO2 = carbon dioxide; HDT = heavy-duty truck; kgCO2 = kilogram of carbon dioxide; LCV = light commercial vehicle. Within the same vehicle segment, CO2 emissions also vary significantly across countries, driven 3.9 shows BEV COz emissions per unit of travel as a percentage of ICEV emissions across the 40 countries. Countries that rely exclusively on renewable energy for power generation (e.g., Albania, Nepal, and Ethiopia) achieve a 100 percent CO2 reduction through BEV adoption. Countries that rely heavily on fossil fuels (e.g., South Africa, Sao Tomé and Principe, and Maldives) can still achieve some CO2 reduction because of BEVs' higher energy efficiency, though the reduction is much smaller. Source: Authors' calculations using EVMax tool. Note: BEV = battery electric vehicle; CO2 = carbon dioxide; ICEV = internal combustion engine vehicle.