turnaround times across care settings. For example, in breast cancer, patients treated in academic institutions assessed tumor types in the last five years (Exhibit 2), may receive biomarker testing results via PCR, IHC, driven by growing clinical evidence, regulatory approvals, and integration into national guidelines such in community hospitals. However, among patients with NSCLC, those tested in community settings may receive PCR and NGS results six days and two days earlier, on stakeholder consensus on their benefit. Discussions respectively, compared to those tested in academic with oncologists, pathologists, and laboratory directors 1. Generation of robust evidence demonstrating biomarker utility, typically followed by approval and downstream processes, including payer coverage, laboratory standardization, real-world evidence generation, and post-marketing learning around the 2. Formal inclusion of testing recommendations in