imbalance. They impact global food security vival of the poor in developing countries. al food supply. Affected by the US “reciprocal tariff’ policy, global agricultural food trade will contract by 3.4%-4.7% (Glauber et al., 2025). ping disruption caused by geopolitical factors, global food systems. Trade barriers represented the food trade mix may be distorted, and the flow of international food trade may change. trading system's rules for agriculture, primarily Cross-border circulation costs could increase, triggering trade diversion and substitution, and ture, but also exacerbate the fragmentation of the global food market, cause greater volatil- ity in food prices, and lead to supply-demand