highly concentrated (exceeding a threshold of 0.25). Colours are used to categorize commodities according to mineral groups. seen as indicating high concentration in economic analysis [58, p. 17] In 2023, several minerals surpassed this threshold, indicating strategic dependencies within global supply chains. Among the various min- concentrated resources. This includes gallium, germanium, bismuth, rhenium, tellurium, and rare earths, all of which are indispensable for electronics, renewable energy technologies, and advanced manu- facturing processes. Within the iron and ferro-alloy metals category, minerals such as niobium, tungsten, and cobalt show elevated concen-