Investment: FDI has grown rapidly, exceeding pharmaceuticals, motor vehicles, refined petro- 2024, but remains modest as a share of GDP averaging 1.8% between 2015 and 2023, downIndex score was 0.074, above the global average from 2.1% in the previous decade. Moreover, FDIof 0.061. This demonstrates that the industrial services, which have received about 58% of totalmaining uneven. Segment: The informal segment accounts formanufacturing base, exporting over 4,400 products by 2019 (Felipe et al. 2013; Aggarwal 2022). How- one-quarter of MVA. Around 70% of employment and 69% of enterprises remain informal (Goldarever, relative to GDP, India ranked in the bottom 2023; Mehrotra & Giri 2023). Such informality second decile worldwide in 2019, illustrating limit- ed export competitiveness. Its export structure has constrains productivity, technological upgrading, and technology-intensive industries like chemicals, such as textiles and food processing, gradually Employment: Between 2011-12 and 2017-18,