163. To boost domestic cotton processing and value addition, the government imposed an export ban on cotton fiber in 2019, which was 165. The government has also been enhancing replaced by an export tax of 100% in July 2025. climate resiliency of cotton production, by At the same time, a minimum producer price was irrigation and soil laser levelling, piloting introduc- outside the assigned textile companies. The method- 166. These attempts to establish a competitive and open market for cotton set the right direction, to international market volatility; then, in 2024, this policy was abolished. Estimating the effects of the at this stage, as this requires a fully-fledged price shocks. Aligning policy incentives from the fiscal incentives analysis, which is recommended as a (i.e. subsidies) to the price side (i.e. removal of 164. Further measures were recently taken to public resources. Designing and piloting a package tile clusters and farmers. In the 2024 season, the of interventions that allow to balance out farmers, input purchase by the assigned textile clusters, who 167. Paradoxically, during this period of transition later distributed these inputs to farmers.57 In January to liberalization for the wheat and cotton markets, 2025, the government published a Presidential Cotton," which encouraged more competition among tion trends. This was the case for animal skins and cotton buyers, stimulated primary cotton processing silk cocoons, for example, as both products were by farm cooperatives and individual businesses, promoted mechanized cotton harvesting, and No. UP-47 dated March 14, 2025, “On measures to improve export procedures and stimulate the production of value-added finished products." According to this Decree, in order to harmonize with WTo requirements, the List of Goods, the export of which was carried out based on decisions of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan or the Government of the Republic of Uzbekistan, was abolished. This List included the agricultural products discussed in this report. The mechanism of export permits was replaced with more transparent export duties, including for 32 positions of agricultural products. 168. Low prices for animal skins emerged after of livestock farmers/smallholders. After the ban, an export ban was imposed in 2019, which favored animal skin prices plummeted by 5-10 times, with primary skin processors, but affected the income