market leaders are similar to those of medium-duty trucks: China (13.4% in 2024 and 22% in H1 2025), Sweden (6.4% and 7%), Denmark (5.6% and 3.4%), and Netherlands (3% and 6.3%). Unlike most markets, dump trucks and heavy-duty tractor-trailers played a significant role in China's electric truck markets, with the electric sales share exceeding 30% in both segments in H1 2025, contributing significantly to the share of electric heavy-duty trucks sold (22%). Demand-side policies that decrease ownership cost, improved battery ranges, and regulations for key industries from the Ministry of Ecology and Environment are major drivers of adoption (Mao et al., 2025). For the leading countries in the European Union, similar factors to those leading to the higher adoption of electric medium-duty trucks apply.