The quality-of-life index combines purchasing power, safety, healthcare, cost of living, property-price-to-income ratio, commute time, pollution, and climate into a from last year. This is despite affordability pressures as both Vienna and -9 positions from last year's edition, respectively. Still, low traffic commute times and pollution help keep those cities at the top. Frankfurt now ranks just outside the top 5. Germany's financial capital has commute times (1st globally) and low pollution. It now ranks above both Geneva and Zurich where cost of living is bottom of our 69-city pile. Another German city score. It now ties with Vienna on the fourth place for the overall index. Hong Kong has fallen outside our top-50 list and now ranks 55th, down from 48th place in last year's edition. It is up just +2 places since 2019. Extremely high costs, property prices ranked 68th worst, pollution and long commutes all weigh on its +3 places since last year, with Birmingham also up by +7 to now sit in the middle Notably, no US city makes the top 10 for quality of life but there is much dispersion. while Boston (17th) and San Francisco is (21st) are comfortably in the top half. The cities out of contention for the top ten though - despite their salary dominance.
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