Notes: The data are based on the Base Case, except for Korea and Japan. Data for 2030 are forecast values. Data centre capacity corresponds to total installed nameplate capacity. Coincident peak contribution is likely to be materially lower because utilisation factors vary, loads are geographically distributed and system peaks may not align temporally with maximum data centre operation. Data centres may also participate in demand response or operate on-site generation, which can further reduce grid-supplied load during peak conditions. These ratios should be interpreted as an upper-bound indicator of potential peak contribution rather than realised peak load. Data for Chinese Taipei are not available Sources: IEA Analysis based data from Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy (2025), Ministry of Trade, Industry and Eneray, 11th Plan for Electricity Supply and Demand, Power supply and demand this summer and the outlook and operations for this winter and beyond; OCCTO (2025), Aggregation of Electricity Supply Plans for Fiscal Year 2025; Wood demand set new records twice in July; IEA (2025), Energy and Al, Electricity 2025; IEA (2026), Electricity 2026. As data centres expand to meet the demands of Al development, their increasing recognise their growing role as key infrastructures. demand, regulatory frameworks have not kept pace with the sector's rapid which varies widely in scope and detail. Global data centre operators typically publish regular sustainability reports that include related data such as the average PUE, greenhouse gas emissions, water consumption and the share of electricity sourced from renewables, but not the detailed data on actual electricity consumption. Commission (IEC), are continuously updating their guidelines to include data centre performance metrics, such as PUE. However, participation remains voluntary and is largely driven by industry and market actors. Improvements in the global regulatory