data centres. In July 2025, reports indicated that Google innovation. For instance, although India's R&D expenditure Pradesh.2° In April 2025, it was reported that Adani Group INR1.3 trillion ($14.6 billion), it remains the lowest as a centres in India, as part of its broader plan to increase its is responsible for most of the R&D spend, while private- become a catalyst for homegrown innovation, delivering solutions in fintech, health tech, deep tech (including Al and biotechnology) and e-commerce. These advances Innovation is essential for digital sovereignty, serving as Aadhaar, eKYC, UPl and DigiLocker) to enhance efficiency in public services and boost productivity for businesses, including small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). external supply chains. With a score of 36, this remains initiatives, including Startup India and the Atal Innovation Mission, which promote entrepreneurship through funding, mentorship and streamlined regulations. For The score reflects several factors, including limited example, the government allocated INR9.45 billion ($106 disciplines, the ongoing loss of skilled professionals to countries with more attractive economic prospects, and 2021-2025, providing early-stage startups with financial assistance for proof-of-concept, prototype development and rote learning in the education system. These create "Google to invest $6 bilion in southern India data centre", Reuters, July 2025 "Adani to Grow Data Centre Investment by $10 Billion on Al Den