effort to coordinate funding sources created some delays. In Kerala, flood mitigation interventions are already part of the WRD's projects, hence the inclusion of separate projects under SDMF had to be addressed. The impact of SDMF is uneven and varied. In States that are yet to significantly use SDMF, the potential benefits are unrealized. The overall national impact created by SDMF by 2025 is still modest - only a fraction of the INR 32,000 crores has translated to completed projects so far. brings water to Kolar and ensures a reliable supply of drinking water for Bhopal, and the downstream and protects the surrounding areas. These localized impacts directly contribute to safeguarding livelihoods and property. capacity building - training of village disaster volunteers, drills, establishing Local casualties. Such capacity-building, though hard to measure, has life-saving potential. For example, more people move to cyclone shelters after awareness campaigns, leading to near-zero cyclone deaths in those areas.