oilseeds including lack of improved seed varieties have hindered improvements in yield and profitability, making these crops less attractive to farmers. At the farm level, rotating wheat with pulses like lentils or pigeon peas was found to be soil fertility boosters, enriching soil with nitrogen and organic matter, while increasing wheat yields by 20 percent, reducing the need for synthetic fertilizer and production cost, and increasing even doubling farmers? profitability.24 The application of organic manures such as farmyard manure and compost can play a pivotal role in enhancing wheat productivity. These practices improve soil structure, fertility, and water retention, leading to increased crop yields and resilience, especially under Recommendation # 2: Access to affordable and varied fertilizers (i.e., liquid, coated, slow-release etc.) for the farmers needs to be facilitated, for instance, through public programs such as Kisaan Card. Simultaneously, extension services and digital advisory services should be used to improve farmers’ education on integrated cropping system and crop-rotation. A Nitrogen Management Policy, guiding development and utilization of Nitrogen can be considered. Achieving more crop per drop to increase water productivity. Water productivity in Pakistan is relatively low and inadequate water management threatens the productivity of arable land. Canal water groundwater management is absent, resulting in waterlogging, soil salinization, groundwater depletion in irrigation systems, better scheduling, and high-yielding varieties, offering practical models for Pakistan to adopt improved water management practices. Farmers in Punjab on average pay 20x more for ground water delivery. Increase in Abiana can also support the shift in farmers’ behavior towards improved water management practices. Concurrently, government not only needs to support water user associations in canal 24 Rana, A. W., Gill, S., Akram, I. (2024): Pakistan: A Cost-Benefits Analysis of Crop Rotation in Practice in the Rainfed Areas. IFPRI Working Paper on Climate Smart Agriculture. link' Hassaan, M. A., Alishba , H., Aslam, S., Danyal, M., Abbas, Z., Ullah, A., Muhammad Babar, M. Haider, Z., & Iqbal, A. (2024). Crop rotation as an economic strategy for small-scale farmers: evidence from Punjab, Pakistan. Journal Of Oasis Agriculture and Sustainable Development, 6(02), 31-39. 25 Zwart, Sander J., et al. "A global benchmark map of water productivity for rainfed and irrigated wheat." Agricultural Water Management 97.10