European Commission 2025 Recommendations： Safety and Protection of Journalists

protection of journalists are long-standing. Of recommendations are generally vague, often resorting to language such as, “Continue the seven recommendations in this area, six have been issued every year since 2022; only one, to Greece, is more recent (2024). How- ever, Liberties’ member organisations report and protection of journalists", although in some cases SLAPPs are explicitly mentioned, in other areas, as four of the seven recommen- or protection against defamation penalties, as dations are deemed to be ‘in progress'. In the other three, 'no progress' was observed in 2025. As in the area of media freedom and pluralism,